Causes of CyberCrime and Preventive Measures

Rapid technological growth and development has provided organisations of all sizes with enormous opportunities and effective resources. Technological growth is largely driven by the Internet. The internet has brought distant objects closer together, in other words, it makes the world smaller.  The Internet is now a national cultural heritage and all national security depends on it. But these new technologies have also posed an unprecedented threat of cybercrime. Cybercrime is a crime in which a computer is used to commit crimes such as hacking, spam, phishing, etc.

Cybercriminals use the Internet and computer technology to hack into users’ personal computers, smartphone data, personal data from social networks, trade secrets, national secrets, and so on. Criminals who commit these illegal acts on the Internet are known as hackers. Although law enforcement agencies are working to address this problem, it continues to grow and many people are victims of identity theft, hacking and malicious software. One of the best ways to stop these criminals and protect confidential information is to use incomprehensible security that uses a unique system of software and hardware to authenticate all information accessible on the Internet. Let’s take a good look at cybercrime.

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the causes of cybercrime and how to prevent it

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Cybercriminals always choose an easy way to make a lot of money. They target wealthy individuals or wealthy organizations such as banks, casinos and financial companies, where huge amounts of money are in circulation every day and where they hack into confidential information. It’s hard to catch criminals this way. As a result, the number of cybercriminals worldwide is increasing. Computers are vulnerable, so laws are needed to protect them and keep them safe from cybercriminals. We could list the following reasons for computer vulnerabilities:

• Easy Access – The problem with protecting a computer system from unauthorized access is that there are many ways to hack into it due to the complexity of the technology used. Hackers can steal access codes, retina images, advanced voice recorders, etc., which can easily fool biometric systems and can be used to bypass firewalls to get past many security systems.
• Ability to store data in a relatively small space – The computer has the unique ability to store data in a very small space. This makes it much easier for people to steal data from other repositories and use it to their own advantage.
• Complex – Computers run on operating systems, and these operating systems are programmed with millions of codes. The human mind is imperfect, so it can make mistakes at any time. Cybercriminals take advantage of these loopholes.
• Neglect – Neglect is one of the characteristics of human behavior. This allows us to protect the computer system, but at the same time to commit any negligence that guarantees access by cyber criminals and control of the computer system.
• Loss of evidence – Crime data can easily be destroyed. Thus, the loss of evidence has become a very common and obvious problem that paralyses the system behind cybercrime investigations.

There are many types of cybercrime, the most common of which are explained below:

• 1. Hacking: It is a simple term that defines the sending of illegal commands to another computer or network. In this case, a person’s computer is hacked to gain access to his or her personal or confidential information. The perpetrator uses various programs to hack into a person’s computer, and the person may not be aware that his or her computer has been accessed remotely. Government websites are often an important target for hackers because they help them gain publicity, which is still fuelled by aggressive media attention. This is different from the ethical hacking that many organizations use to test their online security.
  2. Child pornography and child abuse : The internet is widely used worldwide for the sexual abuse of children. It is also a form of cybercrime in which criminals incite minors to chat in order to obtain child pornography. Each country’s cyber security service spends a lot of time monitoring the chat rooms that children often use in the hope of reducing and preventing child abuse and sedition.
  3. Piracy or theft: This crime is committed when someone violates copyright and downloads music, movies, games and software. There are even peer-to-peer sites that encourage software piracy, and many of these sites are now targeted by the FBI. Today, the judiciary is working on this cybercrime and laws have been put in place to prevent the illegal downloading of information. Producers and directors are often the victims of this crime. Wrong! The file name is not specified. Piracy and theft in cybercrime

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• Cyber-bullying: This is a form of online harassment in which the victim is exposed to a deluge of online messages and e-mails. Usually these stalkers know their victims and use the internet for surveillance instead of offline tracking. However, when they realise that cyberbullying does not have the desired effect, they simultaneously start to prosecute it offline and make the lives of the victims even more miserable.
• Cyberterrorism: Cyberterrorism, also known as information warfare, can be defined as an act of cyberterrorism, involving deliberate and large-scale attacks and disruptions of computer networks using computer viruses or physical attacks using malicious software to attack individuals, governments and organizations. The purpose of terrorism is to create a sense of terror in the minds of its victims. With this concept in mind, it will be easier to distinguish between cyber attacks for financial gain or selfish gain through cyber terrorism. Cyberterrorists act with the intention of causing damage and destruction at the forefront of their activities.
• Identity theft: This has become a major problem for people who use the Internet for cash transactions and banking services. In this cybercrime the offender has access to information about his bank account, credit card, social security, payment card and other sensitive information to download money in the victim’s name or buy things online. This can lead to serious financial losses for the victim and even ruin his or her credit history.
• Computer vandalism: Computer vandalism is a form of malicious behaviour that damages computers and data in various ways and can disrupt companies. Characteristic of computer vandalism is the creation of malware designed to perform malicious tasks, such as removing data from a hard drive or extracting identifying information. Computer vandalism is different from viruses that attach themselves to existing programs.
• Malware: These are Internet programs or programs used to destroy a network. The software is used to access the system to steal confidential information or data, or to damage the software in the system.
• Fraudulent calls/emails :  You must have heard a lot about this crime, and maybe you received some calls about this scam. This is called phishing, also called voice phishing. In these types of crimes, the perpetrator communicates with you via false messages, phone calls or e-mails claiming to be a bank employee and makes calls relating to your account or bank cards. He asks for personal information such as credit card details, OTP, password, etc. or asks to click on the link he has sent himself. If you accidentally trust them and give them details, you lose the money in your account. Remember that no bank will ever ask you for confidential information or give your account details over the internet or to a stranger. Cybercrime through fraudulent phone calls

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• Fake messages on social networks : Some cybercriminals simply work in social networks to spread social, religious and political rumours. Impressed by this, ordinary people on their social networks involuntarily share a link or message that is shared by people they don’t know. This gives rise to complaints from users, as the sharing of illegal links or messages on social networks also falls into the category of cybercrime. So avoid these things and don’t work in social media under the guise of someone who could ruin your whole life.
• Illegal online sales (Dark Web) : In this crime, the offender sells illegal weapons, drugs, contraband or personal information to a person on an illegal online shopping platform, and the transaction is also carried out using cryptographic money. It encourages terrorism and black market trade. Like the Dark Web, for example, it is content on the World Wide Web that exists in Darknet networks, but that requires special software, configuration or authorization to access it. In this web search everything that has been sent illegally. You must now think that if it is illegal, very few people will use it, so you are wrong, there are millions of users in the world, and their number is increasing every day.

An effective fight against cybercrime requires a wide range of public-private partnerships between law enforcement agencies, the information technology sector, information security organisations, internet companies and financial institutions.  Unlike the real world, cybercriminals don’t fight each other for superiority or control. Instead, they work together to improve their skills and even help each other with new opportunities. Therefore, traditional methods of fighting crime cannot be used against cybercriminals.

It is best to use cross-domain solutions. This enables organizations to use a single system of software and hardware that authenticates both manual and automatic transmission and access to information as it moves from one security classification level to another. This allows information to be freely exchanged and made available within a particular security clearance, but it cannot be intercepted or displayed by advertising a user who is not included in the security clearance. This helps maintain the security of the network and the systems that use it.

• Use secure passwords: Keep different combinations of passwords and usernames for each account and resist the temptation to write them down. Weak passwords can easily be cracked with certain attack methods such as brute force attack, rainbow table attack, etc. To prevent you from cracking your password, please take the following precautions.
  • Use keyboard templates for passwords, for example – qwertyui
  • With simple combinations, for example – Raju1990, Feb1990.
  • For example, use standard passwords: Welcome123, Ravi123.
  • Save the password in the same way as the username, for example – Raju/Raju.
• Be a good girl in the social media: Make sure your social media profiles (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, etc.) are configured to respect privacy. Check the security settings. Be careful what information you publish online. Once he’s on the Internet, he’ll be there forever.
• Protect your mobile devices : Many people are not aware that their mobile devices are also vulnerable to malware such as computer viruses and hackers. Make sure you only download applications from reliable sources. It is also very important to keep the operating system up to date. Be sure to install the anti-virus software and use the lock screen. Otherwise, anyone can access all your personal information on your phone if you lose or hang up, even for a few minutes. Some may even install malware that can track your every move via GPS.
• Protect your data: Protect your data by encrypting key files such as financial reports and tax returns. Someone can get one step ahead of a hacker by getting information about Internet scams and hacking styles. Fishing is a method known to pirates, but you can get rid of any kind of scam by retrieving information from the Internet about recent attacks on fishing. So be careful, tell your neighbors about this scam and let them know.
• Protect your identity online: When it comes to protecting your identity online, it is better to be too careful than not careful enough. It is extremely important to be cautious when disclosing personal information such as your name, address, telephone number and/or financial information over the Internet. Make sure websites for online shopping, etc. are safe. This includes enabling privacy settings when using/treating social networking sites.
• Keep your computer up to date with the latest patches and updates One of the best ways to keep intruders away from your computer is to apply patches and other software as soon as they become available. By regularly updating your computer, you prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerabilities in software that could be used to access your system.
• Protect your computer with the security software: Different types of security software are required for basic online security. Security software includes firewalls and antivirus programs. A firewall is usually your computer’s first line of defense. It controls who and what can communicate online with your computer. You can think of a firewall as a kind of policeman who controls all the data that tries to enter and leave your computer over the internet and allows communication that he knows is safe and prevents bad traffic, such as attacks, from reaching your computer.
• Parental control :  In the age of online technologies, parents need to keep an eye on all their children’s online actions. Ensuring sufficient confidentiality for children would be problematic. Parents should be cautious and check their browsing history and email accounts regularly. The best way to address this issue is to enable Parental Controls in mobile applications, browsers and routers so that they only have access to secure pages. This will help protect children from online fraud. Many applications such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, youtube provide personalized content for kids just to protect them from crime. Enabling parental controls to protect kids from cybercrime

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• Call the right person for help: Try not to panic if you’re the victim. If you come across illegal online content, such as B. If you suspect cybercrime, identity theft or commercial fraud, report it to your local police just as you would for any other crime. There are many websites where you can get help in the fight against cybercrime. Here are some of them: https://staysafeonline.org, https://digitalpolice.gov.in, https://cybercrime.gov.in.

Conclusion:

Today, hackers are scattered around the world in large numbers. Many public and private agencies, such as the FBI, the CIA and state police, are working to track down these hackers, but we also have a responsibility to protect ourselves and our private information from online fraud. In addition, illiterate people need information about payment cards, credit cards, internet and computers. We know it’s a little hard to catch these hackers because they’re in one country and they’re hacking into a computer from another country. The best way to avoid these problems is therefore to be careful and vigilant, and all IDs and passwords on the Internet should always be unique and strong. Finally, if you use the Internet correctly and use secure websites, it will be difficult for hackers to access your data.

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